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adenocarcinoma of the colon:
What is colon cancer colon cancer is a common malignant tumor in the gastrointestinal tract. The highest incidence of 40 to 50 age group. The etiology is not yet very clear, but some diseases such as familial adenomatous polyposis, has been recognized that the pre-cancerous lesions; adenoma of the colon, ulcerative colitis and colonic schistosomiasis meat tooth swollen, and the occurrence of colon cancer is more closely related.
Colon (including colorectal) adenocarcinoma of the colon, the common malignant tumors in the intestine. The etiology is not yet clear, but the occurrence of this disease and multi-less fat and fiber diet, adenoma-like polyps, colon schistosomes, nonspecific ulcerative colitis, adenocarcinoma of the colon bacillary dysentery, amoebic bowel disease and other disease closely related. About 40 percent of colon cancer located in the rectum and rectosigmoid song, the rest in the sigmoid colon, cecum, ascending colon, descending colon, transverse colon and liver and splenic flexure, etc. adenocarcinoma of the colon, the rest of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the colon and undifferentiated carcinoma, the general shape can be polypoid, ulcer type.
Colon ring along the intestinal wall, adenocarcinoma of the colon spread along the intestinal longitudinal diameter of the upper and lower infiltration to the intestinal wall deep, in addition to lymphatic and blood transfer and local invasion to the intraperitoneal or along the suture, the incision surface diffusion. More common in middle-aged men, younger age, the incidence of adenomatous polyps.
Colon cancer symptoms
Early symptoms of colon cancer, colon cancer late symptoms. Colon insidious onset, early only to see the fecal occult blood-positive stools, dysentery-like blood and pus, tenesmus gradually the blood, sometimes presented with intractable constipation, stool shape thinner or mushy stool or diarrhea alternating with constipation, these changes become colon cancer outstanding performance. Patients often have varying degrees of abdominal pain, often erosion, necrosis and secondary infection, such as occurs on the right is the right abdomen dull, sometimes postprandial abdominal pain.
The left side of colon cancer is often complicated by intestinal obstruction, abdominal cramps, accompanied by abdominal distension and hyperactive bowel sounds and. Common abdominal mass in the right abdomen, is one of the manifestations of the right side of the colon prompt to late tumor surface can be nodular, generally can promote, is fixed to the advanced cancer, infection may have tenderness. Patients with colon cancer, there may be progressive anemia, fever, progressive weight loss, cachexia, hepatomegaly, edema, adenocarcinoma of the colon, jaundice and ascites, etc...
Drug treatment of colorectal cancer (1) chemical drug therapy surgery patients chemotherapy is generally to a year and a half can be used two to three courses, commonly used drugs are 5 - fluorouracil (5-FU), can also be a joint ,5-FU, mitomycin, cyclophosphamide, each course of the total available 7 to 10 grams. Oral or intravenous administration, preferably added to the glucose solution infusion.
Each 250 mg daily or every other day. adenocarcinoma of the colon, if the reaction is large, such as nausea, loss of appetite and weakness, leukocyte and platelet counts decreased to reduce each dosage, or increase the interval period. The myelosuppression obvious can be promptly discontinued. By oral gastrointestinal side effects than intravenous administration, but bone marrow suppression response to light. The medication should be noted that during the support treatment, and reduce the side effects of drugs. Cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy cannot be removed, control of tumor growth must alleviate the symptoms, but less effective and short duration, such as patients with poor general condition, side effects, but worse, should not be applied.
Immunotherapy can improve the ability of patients to anti-tumor, has developed rapidly in recent years, such as interferon, interleukin, transfer factor, tumor necrosis factor, adenocarcinoma of the colon has become widely used, not only can improve the immunity of the patient, and can with the chemotherapy.
Chinese medicine treatment can improve symptoms, enhance the body's resistance to disease, delaying the survival of patients with radiotherapy and chemotherapy with the use and can reduce the side effects of radiation therapy, adenocarcinoma of the colon chemotherapy.
Treatment of adenocarcinoma of the colon:
The preferred surgical resection, postoperative chemotherapy, Chinese medicine, immunotherapy, and good results. Scores of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the colon explain the relatively low degree of malignancy, the prognosis would be better, the treatment of choice is left colon resection, post-operative survival time of excision will be very long, post-operative intestinal obstruction vitamin deficiency, but not necessarily.
(A) surgery
(1) preoperative preparation ready outside in addition to routine preoperative colon surgery must be to do a bowel preparation including ? intestinal cleansing: surgery two days before into a small residue or residue-free diet; 1 to 2 days before the surgery service of laxatives, if constipation or incomplete bowel obstruction, where appropriate, a few days ahead of medication; cleansing enema, according to whether the defecation difficulties the day before surgery, or a few days. ? intestinal disinfection: to kill pathogens in the intestine, especially the common anaerobic bacteria such as Bacteroides fragilis, etc., As well as gram-negative aerobic bacilli. Drug former metronidazole (Flagyl), which can be used to sulfa drugs, neomycin, erythromycin, kanamycin neomycin, etc. Bowel preparation for surgery can reduce pollution, reduce infection favorable healing.
Some hospitals at home and abroad have taken the method of whole gut lavage bowel preparation by infusion or oral lavage fluid specially formulated by the tube (containing a certain concentration of electrolyte and intestinal disinfectant to maintain a certain osmotic pressure), the amount of 4 to 8 liters, squatting in the defecation on the device. Can be reached at the same time the purpose of intestinal cleansing and disinfection.
(2) surgical methods
Right hemicolectomy for cecum, ascending colon and hepatic flexure of colon Ministry of cancer. Resection range: 15 to 20 cm of terminal ileum, cecum, ascending colon and transverse colon and right half, together with their department membrane and lymph node. Hepatic flexure of the cancer still need to cut the transverse colon and gastroepiploic most of the right artery group lymph nodes. The removal was made after back colonic anastomosis or end-to-side anastomosis (sutured colon ends).
The right colon resection with preservation of the artery right colon resection colon resection colon artery
Surgical principles with patients of intestinal obstruction surgery before bowel preparation, such as the intestinal contents significantly reduced the patient's condition allows, can be used as a resection and anastomosis, but the surgery to take protective measures to minimize pollution. Such as the gut filling, patient can be used for tumor proximal colostomy, to be the patient's condition improved after the line two radical resection.
Can not make a wide range of radical mastectomy surgery principles of local tumor invasion or with the surrounding tissue and organs fixed cannot be removed, if the bowel obstruction or soon may obstructive, available tumor of the distal and proximal bypass operation, but also colostomy mouth surgery. If distant organ metastasis and local tumor still allow removal of the available local palliative resection to relieve obstruction, chronic blood loss, infection, poisoning and other symptoms.
(B) drug treatment
Within two to three courses in one patient chemotherapy after surgery is generally a year to year and a half, the commonly used drugs, primarily 5 - fluorouracil (5-FU), or in combination with mitomycin, cyclophosphamide, ,5-FU treatment total available 7 to 10 grams. Oral or intravenous administration, preferably added to the glucose solution infusion, 250 mg daily or every other day. If the response is such as nausea, loss of appetite, weakness, decreased white blood cell and platelet counts can be reduced each dosage, or increase the interval period. The myelosuppression obvious can be promptly discontinued. By oral gastrointestinal side effects than intravenous administration, but bone marrow suppression response to light.
The medication should be noted that during the support treatment, and reduce the side effects of drugs.
Cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy can not be removed, control of tumor growth must alleviate the symptoms, but less effective and short duration, such as patients with poor general condition, side effects, but worse, should not be applied.
Chinese medicine treatment can improve symptoms, enhance the body's resistance to disease, reducing the side effects of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and some traditional Chinese medicine has a direct anticancer effect, such as diffusa, Scutellaria barbata, Arrowhead Mountain Solanum nigrum. When medication can be dialectical, disease into account, join Qingrejiedu blood tackling, and nourishing yin, expectorant relieves congestion, regulate and fortify the spleen and stomach drug.
Chinese diet
(1) Ling porridge: water chestnuts with 20, 1 spoon of honey, sticky rice amount. The water chestnut wash has broken put the crock adds water first boiled half a paste. ? into the amount of glutinous rice porridge, porridge cooked, add honey to taste and take. Often taken with stomach intestines role.
(2) Ouzhi Yuli Egg: Yuli 8 g, 1 egg, Ouzhi amount. Yuli and Ouzhi mix thoroughly into the egg, wet paper seal, steamed can. 2 times a day, every one, with the blood to stop bleeding, cooling blood, stool bleeding can be used.
(3) Qumai root soup: the fresh Qumai root 60 g or 30 g of dry root. First washed with Migan Shui, add water fry soup. One a day, with heat dampness.
(4) Poria eggshell powder: 30 g of Poria 9 g of egg shells. Poria and egg shells melt dry research into the end of Serve. 2 times a day, each one, with water delivery, this medicated with vegetables liver qi, abdominal pain, abdominal distension and obvious choice of the other can be selected Levin serving porridge.
(5) the Mulberry pork soup: 50 grams of mulberry, jujube 10, pork suitable
adenocarcinoma of the colon postoperative diet
A major physiological functions of the dietary treatment of the colon is fermented products absorb moisture and storage of food residue, the formation of faeces, colonic mucosa glands secrete thick mucus, this mucus is alkaline, and the stool. Colon suffering from cancer, the physiological function has been damaged; bowel function and general condition have been affected, such as diarrhea, constipation, body weight loss and other symptoms. If still do not pay attention to diet, eat some non-digestible food, as well as cancer-promoting foods will increase the colon cancer, so that the systemic failure. Patients with colon cancer, we must pay attention to the daily diet. Studies have shown that high-fat diet will promotes the occurrence of intestinal tumors, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids, although it can reduce blood lipids, but the role of tumor promotion occurred. Cholesterol itself is not carcinogenic, but at the same time with gallstone acid reaction, tumor promotion, indicating that the gallstone acid is a cancer-promoting factors. Therefore, patients with colon cancer do not eat too much fat, total fat total below 30% of the heat, moving, and vegetable oil to the appropriate proportions, this is some information in adenocarcinoma of the colon postoperative diet.
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